Objective To investigate the morphological characteristics of the posterior arch of atlas and lamina of axis, so as to provide anatomical bases to design special guiding devices for upper cervical posterior fixation with Atlas titanium cable. 目的观察寰椎后弓和枢椎椎板的形态学特征后设计出相应的引导器,以更为安全、方便地开展颈后路寰枢椎Atlas钛缆固定术。
Methods: The anterior and posterior arch of atlas were measured in103 atlas. 方法:对103例寰椎前、后弓进行了解剖学观测。
Two patients with Jefferson fracture of atlas, 2 patients with Chair congenital malformation and 1 patient with Anderson Type ⅱ combined with the fracture posterior arch of atlas were treated with occipital-cervical fixation technique. 枕颈固定技术治疗寰椎Jefferson骨折2例、颅骨凹陷Chair畸形2例和AndersonⅡ型合并寰椎后弓骨折1例;
The guide of the special device for posterior arch of atlas should be designed with a curved head and that for lamina of axis should be designed with a head. 寰椎后弓的引导器要求头端折弯,枢椎椎板引导器要求头端圆钝;
Applied anatomy of posterior arch of atlas and lamina of axis 寰椎椎弓和枢椎椎板的应用解剖
Methods: The posterior arch of atlas and lamina of axis were observed and measured on 100 adult dry atlas and axis specimens. 方法:在100例中国成人干燥标本上,观察寰椎后弓和枢椎椎板的形态学特点并进行解剖学测量。
Results The vertebro occipital muscles involve 4 pairs of muscles, which are small in shape, but have developed well, arise from and inserted into inferior nuchal line of occipital, posterior arch of atlas, transverse process of atlas and spinous process of vertebra dentata. 结果1椎枕肌包括4对小肌,肌块虽小,发育良好,起止于枕骨下项线、寰椎后弓、寰椎横突和枢椎棘突。
Measurement of the asymmetry of posterior arch of atlas: Measure the distance between posterior tubercle and the posterior lateral mass of two sides. If the distances were equal, there no asymmetry; If the distance were unequal, there existed asymmetry. 寰椎后弓左右半不对称的测量:测量寰椎后结节至寰椎两侧块后缘的垂直距离,若两侧距离相等则无不对称,若两侧距离不相等则存在不对称。